Electric heating core



Patented June 27,1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

W. W. HICKS.

ELECTRIC HEATING CORE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. f6, 1920.

1,421,084. l l -PatentedJunezz 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2| l 17| I] |I W. W.A HICKS.

ELECTRIC HEATING CORE. APPLICATION man Aus.1e, 1920.

1,421,084. PatenteaJue 27, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRIC HEATING CORE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, waa.

Application filed August 16, 1920. Serial No. 403,942.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, VILLIAM WESLEY HICKS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have' invented a new and useful Improvement in an Electric Heating Core, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in cores for electric heaters and the like whereon heating coils may be noninductively wound and is a continuation of my co-pending application, Serial No. 269,865, filed January 6th, 1919, reference to which is hereby made. n

The primary object of my invention is to provide an improved heating core adapted for non-inductive winding of heating coils.

Another object is to provide a heating core of the type described which may be placed in close thermal contact with a fluid container to be heated.

A further object is to provide an improved heating core arranged to permit noninductive winding of a plurality of independent circuits.

A still further object is to provide a core of refractory dielectric material arranged to insulate the heating coils from each other and from adjacent members.

A still further object is to provide a heating element of the type described for use in heaters for either liquid or gaseous products.

I accomplish these and other objects by means of the novel device disclosed in the drawings forming a part of the present specifications wherein like characters of reference are used to designate similar part-s throughout said specification and drawings, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a broken vertical section of a water heater element applied thereto.

F ig. 2 is a horizontal sectiontaken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 in the direction indicated,

Fig. 3 is a broken front elevation of an air heater disclosing my improved noninductively wound cores.

Fig. 4L is a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 in the direction indicated.

Fig, 5 is a side elevation of an immersion heater, a portion being broken away and der open at both ends. The core 1 may be formed in semi-cylindrical halves 1a to simplify manufacture and facilitate the application to of the core to a container. A plurality of ribs 2 are spirally disposed upon the outer surface of the core l to torni a plurality of parallel spiral grooves 3 in the nature of a mutiple thread screw of any desired pitch.

Resistance coils i of any suitable character are non-inductively wound upon the core 1. The non-inductive winding is obtained by advancing the coil 4L along one of the grooves 3 from a feed terminal 6, and returning the coil l along the next adjacent groove 3, the two portions of the coil -L forming advance spirals 8 and return spirals S) connected by a loop l0 passing around the end of the intervening rib 2 or through apertures 5 provided 'in the ends thereof. The return spiral 9 of the coil 4 may be looped about thc lower end of the next rib 2 as at 11, and advanced and returned as before to give a continuous circuit as shown in Fig. 7, or theend may be made a return terminal 7, and other coils 4 imjlepeiidently connected to the source of electrical energy wound in similar manner in the remaining pairs of grooves 3 as shown in Fig. 8. For the purpose of illustration I have disclosed a single resistance coil wound upon my improved core, the continuance of the coil 4 through the remaining grooves 3 for a single circuit of greater length or the application of independent coils it in succeeding pairs of grooves 3 for multiple circuit winding being only a continuation or a repetition of the method above described. In either case the feed terminals 6 and the return terminals 7 are located at the saine end of the core l. As each advancing spiral 8 ot' the coil l is paralleled by a similaireturn spiral 9 carrying current in the opposite direction, it is obvious that the current induced by either spiral will be neutralized by that current induced by the opposing spiral, and the flow ot induced current thereby reduced to zero. ln multiple winding each advancing spiral 8 is paralleled by a return spiral 9 and the induced current in either direc-tion will be neutralized by an equal current induced in the opposite direction. Since there can be no flow ot induced current, my improved core Wound in the manner l have described results in a non-inductive heating1 element adagrted for use in air or -vater heaters other heating devices of a similar' nature.

ln l 2 have dfscosc ray novel heating element as applied in cir culation Water heater in which the core rf.h a resistance coil 4ivvound as above described is positioned in close therrnal contact 'with a heating pipe ll connected with a boiler or the lilte, not shown, in the usual mannen ilus-bars l2 provided with connections lor feed terminals 6 and return terminals 7 are suitably secured adjacent the louer end oli the core l to leliver current troni a source electrical energ not shown., to the resistance coils fl. cuily a single advance spiral 8 with return spiral 9 having terminals 6 and 7 is di l illustrate the rnanner in which additional coils 4l may be applied in the remaining pairs ot grooves or the saine coil tmay be continued throughout as desired. Coils lying in adjacent grooves are insulated 'from each other by the intervening rib 2.

the pipe ll is heated by contact with the core l, the W ter therein is heated and circulation through the supply pipe l@ and delivery pipe l?" caused in the usual inanner. lileat radiated from the outer surface ot' the core l and coil i is utilized by enclos jing the heating element in a double Walled jacket 18 connected to the supply pipe 1G by a connectitn i9 at the bottoni thereof, and opening at the top into the delivery tube as 2l. Circulation is accomplished through the jacket in the same manner as in the heating tube, the heating and the resulting circulation being necessarily slower.

ln lligs. 3 and l l have disclosed an air heater equipped With iny improved heating elements. ln this case the cores 1 are pr0- vided with flanges 26 arranged to rest on a `floor 27 .provided in a housing 28 open in the front thereof to permit the escape of heated air and direct radiation of heat troni the coils l and cores l. The floor 27 1s provided with apertures 29, the hollow cores l Abeing arranged to register therewith. Circulation ot air through the cores l is caused in a manner similar tothe ac-l tion ot Water in a Water heater, the air bcing heated within the core l and displaced by cooler air admitted from the bottom. Connections 3]. are provided lor the terminals (l and l and a source ot electrical energy, not shown, is connected thereto through bus bars 32. One, two or three sets oit the advance spirals 8 and return spirals 9 may be provided in single or inultiple circuit as desired on the core disclosed. 'lhe bus bars 32 are spaced on opposite sides of the apertures 29 to permit ready circulation oli the air.

li`ig. illustrates iny improved heating element as applied to an in'iinersion heater.. ln this case the core i is enclosed in a housing il@ closed Yvided at che other end vv 3i" adapter to receive an i 33 arranged to at :c- Wires nient. ryEhe core l e entirely enclose-d a filling of insulati to conduct heat is' a` f l and the housiiui` therinal contact there Tith parted through the outer housin the eleinent in which the inersed.

l have disclosed a provided with spiral ribs 2 to provide grooves 3 tor retaining` six spiral resistance coils. vreiveverv` l do not wish to limit rnysclt t this specilic construction as any number oi spirals may be provided to suit different requirements, the .iioii-in liicti.vc if inciple being unaltered by the nuniber ot parallel coils en'iployed. .ln like manner the pitch and character ot the coils alniay be varied to suit varied requirements. rl`hc drawings disclose the manner in which iny improved heating element may be applied to dillerent types ot electric heaters, the core and Winding also being` equally adaptable to any other ty pe of heat-ing device wherein a resistance Wound core is employed.

l'laving thus described iny invention what l claiin as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. ln an electric heater, a hea-ting element comprising a refractory core; and a plurality of multiple circuit resistance coils separately Wound in parallel spirals thereon to prevent induction, both terminals of all coils being independently connected at the saine end of said core.

2. ln an electric heater, a heating ele nient comprising refractory core; ribs spirally disposed upon the outer surface of said core to torni grooves thereon; multiple circuit resistance coils separately Wound upon the core, said coils being guided by the grooves into parallel spirals to prevent ina close iin- ,Y vfail to hea-.er is ini.u

Je C

duction, each circuit coil 'advancing and returning in adjacent grooves and being insulated by the intervening rib, the terminals of said coils being independently connected at the same end of the'core. v

3. In an electric heater, a heating element comprising a hollovv refractory core formed in semicyli'ndrical sections arranged to be removably assembled in ,close thermal contact around a surface to be heated; ribs spirally disposed upon the outer surface of yspirals arranged to advance and return in adjacent grooves and insulated bythe intervening rib to prevent induction, the terminals of said coils being independently connected at the same end of said core.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my signature.

W. WESLEY HIOKS. 

